Tuning multilayered polymeric self-standing films for controlled release of L-lactate by electrical stimulation

We examine different approaches for the controlled release of L-lactate, which is a signaling molecule that participates in tissue remodeling and regeneration, such as cardiac muscle tissue. Robust, flexible, self-supported 3-layers films made two spin-coated poly(lactic acid) (PLA) layers separated by an electropolymerized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) layer, are used loading delivery systems. Films with outer prepared using homochiral PLA nanoperforations diameter 146 ± 70 experience more bulk erosion, also contributes to L-lactic acid, than those obtained heterochiral 66 24. Moreover, acid degradation product accelerated applying biphasic electrical pulses. The four extra L-lactate 3-layered were: incorporation at intermediate PEDOT layer primary dopant agent (1) organic or (2) basic water solutions reaction media; (3) substitution ClO4− de-doping re-doping processes; (4) during spin-coating process. Electrical stimuli were applied considering voltage pulses constant voltages (both negative positive). Results indicate approach load has very significant influence regulation process, affecting concentration released up orders magnitude. Among tested approaches, one based on utilization loading, (4), can be proposed situations requiring prolonged sustained over time. biocompatibility suitability engineered engineering been confirmed cells.